As discussed, individuals exposed to radiation may suffer from a full range of injuries from invisible blood change effects at low doses, to superficial burns caused by beta particles, to serious radiation sickness at high doses.

Whatever the injury, a medical doctor should treat the individual. By examining blood microscopically, a medical doctor can diagnose radiation exposure before other effects appear or after an exposure not great enough to cause more severe symptoms.

Treatment depends upon the nature and seriousness of injury. Beta burns, for example, may be treated just like any other burn.