As discussed in Unit 1, the three important methods of reducing radiation exposure are time, distance, and shielding. To minimize exposure to fallout, these methods are implemented by taking shelter.

If a warning is given, or fallout starts to arrive, proceed to shelter that provides the best possible shielding. These include locations such as basements and interior rooms of a house away from windows.

If you are outdoors when a detonation occurs, take cover from the blast behind anything that might offer protection (like a highway culvert). If you are out in the open, lie face down to protect exposed skin from the heat and flying debris. If you are in a vehicle, stop safely, and duck down inside the vehicle.

After the shock wave passes, get inside the nearest, best shelter location for protection from potential fallout. You will have 10 minutes or more to find an adequate shelter.

Remember that fallout consists of particles of earth, fission products and other materials returning to the earth's surface. If dust-like particles are visible in the air or on surfaces, they should be considered a radiation hazard.

Stay tuned for updated instructions from emergency response officials. If advised to evacuate, listen for information about routes, shelters, and procedures.

If you have evacuated, do not return until you are told it is safe to do so by local officials.